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Thermodynamics 1st Edition by Arora ISBN 978-0074620144 0074620142

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Thermodynamics 1st Edition C. P. Arora Digital Instant Download

Author(s): C. P. Arora
ISBN(s): 9780074620144, 0074620142
Edition: 1
File Details: PDF, 315.62 MB
Year: 2004
Language: english
SKU: EB-23277690 Category: Tag:

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Product details: 

ISBN 10:  0074620142

ISBN 13: 978-0074620144

Author: C. P. Arora 

Written with an interdisciplinary approach, this book lays emphasis on the fundamental concepts with the aim of developing a profound conceptual base. It brings out interesting data and considerations invlolved in actual thermodynamic appllications. Key Features: Carefully devised sequence and integration on topics with step-by-step explanation of fundamentals thereby maintaing clarity of concepts. Discusses the practical problems in actual engineering applications. A chapter on combined first adn second law application to all practical non-flow and flow processes. Clearly brings out meaning of the term ‘system’ whether closed or open type. Emphasises distinction between work in a non-flow process in a closed system (pdV) and work in a flow process in an open sytem (-Vdp). Numerous illustragtive exampless classs-tested many times over the last eight years both in INdia and abroad. Table of Content: Chapter 1 Introduction Chapter 2 Thermodynamic Concepts asdn the Zeroth Law Chapter 3 Properties of A Pure Substance Chapter 4 Work and Heat Chapter 5 First Law of Thermodynamics And Internal Energy And Enthalpy Chapter 6 Second Law of Thermodynamics And Entropy Chapter 7 Combined First And Second Laws Application Chapter 8 Vapour Cycles Chapter 9 Gas Cycles Chapter 10 Availability and Irreversibility Chapter 11 Thermodynamic Property Relations Chapter 12 Non-reacting Mixtures of Gases and Liquids Chapter 13 Phase Equilibrium: Vapour Liquid Equilibrium of Mixtrues Chapter 14 Chemical Reactions and Combustion Ch
 

Table of contents: 

1. INTRODUCTION

2. THERMODYNAMIC CONCEPTS AND THE ZEROTH LAW

  • Thermodynamic System: The Control Mass (Closed System) and the Control Volume (Open System)

  • Macroscopic versus Microscopic Point of View

  • The Working Substance

  • The Pure Substance

  • Thermodynamic Properties

  • Properties of a System and Thermodynamic Equilibrium

  • Thermodynamic Process

  • Thermodynamic Cycles

  • Fundamental Units

  • Specific Volume and Density

  • Units of Force/Weight

  • Pressure and Its Units

  • Concept of Temperature

  • Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics

  • Empirical Temperature Scales

  • Concept of Ideal or Perfect Gas

  • Perfect Gas Thermometer

  • Ideal Gas or Perfect Gas Temperature Scale

  • The International Practical Temperature Scale

  • Comparison of Thermometers

3. PROPERTIES OF A PURE SUBSTANCE

  • Phase Equilibrium of a Pure Substance on T-v Diagram

  • Thermodynamic Surfaces

  • p-v Diagram of a Pure Substance

  • Psat versus Tsat Phase Diagram of a Pure Substance

  • Independent Properties of a Pure Substance

  • Tables of Thermodynamic Properties

  • The Gaseous Phase: Equation of State

  • Ideal or Perfect Gas

  • Kinetic Theory of Gases and van der Waals Equation of State

  • Other Equations of State

  • Real Gas: Compressibility

  • Conditions of Critical Isotherm

  • Virial Equations of State

  • The Cubic Equation of State

  • Redlich-Kwong Equation of State and Its Solution

4. WORK AND HEAT

  • Energy and Its Forms

  • Thermodynamic Work

  • Units of Work, Power and Energy

  • Work Done in a Frictionless Quasi-Equilibrium Process in a Compressible System

  • Work Done in an Irreversible Process

  • Illustrations of Two Inherently Irreversible Processes

  • Flow Work

  • Nonflow Process versus Flow Process

  • Reciprocating Compressors

  • Work Done in a Machine Cycle

  • Indicator Diagram of a Reciprocating Machine

  • Other Modes of Work Transfer

  • The State Postulate

  • Heat

  • Modes of Heat Transfer

  • Electrical Analogy

  • Overall Heat Transfer Coefficient

5. FIRST LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS AND INTERNAL ENERGY AND ENTHALPY

  • Joule’s Experiment

  • First Law of Thermodynamics for a System Undergoing a Thermodynamic Cycle

  • First Law of Thermodynamics for a Process in a Closed System

  • Thermodynamic Property: Internal Energy

  • Thermodynamic Property: Enthalpy

  • First Law Equation for a Reversible Process

  • Heat Transfer: Sensible and Latent

  • Pressure-Enthalpy Diagram

  • Calculation of Internal Energy and Enthalpy of a Pure Substance

  • Internal Energy and Enthalpy of an Ideal Gas

  • Application of the First Law to Nonflow Processes

  • First Law as a Rate Equation

  • First Law for a Process in an Open System

  • Steady-State Steady-Flow Energy Equation

  • Expressions from First Law for Work Done in Nonflow and Flow Processes

  • Thermodynamics of Fluid Flow

  • Steady Flow of a Fluid with Work Interaction

  • Steady Flow of a Fluid with Area Changes

  • Unsteady-State Analysis

6. SECOND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS AND ENTROPY

  • Basis for Second Law

  • Direction or Spontaneity of Processes

  • Impossibility of Certain Thermodynamic Cycles

  • Illustrations of Actual Heat Engines

  • Kelvin-Planck Statement of the Second Law of Thermodynamics

  • Illustration of an Actual Refrigeration/Heat Pump

  • Clausius Statement of the Second Law of Thermodynamics

  • Equivalence of Kelvin-Planck and Clausius Statements

  • Ideal Process

  • Factors That Make Processes Irreversible

  • Reversible Heat Transfer Process

  • Characteristics of Reversible and Irreversible Processes

  • The Carnot Cycle

  • The Carnot Principle

  • Thermodynamic or Absolute Temperature Scale

  • Clausius Inequality

  • Second Law for a Thermodynamic Process in a Closed System

  • Temperature-Entropy Diagram

  • The Two T-dS Equations

  • Entropy Change of an Ideal Gas

  • Entropy Production or Entropy Generation in a Closed System

  • Principle of Increase of Entropy for a Closed System and Surroundings

  • Second Law for a Process in an Open System

  • Combined First and Second Law Formulation for Processes

7. COMBINED FIRST AND SECOND LAWS: APPLICATION TO PROCESSES

  • Problem Analysis and Solution Procedure

  • Nonflow Processes

  • Flow Processes

  • Velocity of Sound in a Fluid

  • Stagnation State

  • Flow Through a Turbine

  • Flow Through a Compressor

  • Reversible Adiabatic Flow of a Fluid with Area Change

  • Flow Through a Nozzle

  • Flow Through a Diffuser

  • Throttling Process

  • Separating and Throttling Calorimeter

8. VAPOUR CYCLES

  • Classification of Cycles

  • Vapour Power Cycles

  • Carnot Vapour Power Cycle

  • Simple Rankine Cycle

  • Effect of Internal Irreversibilities on Actual Cycle Efficiencies

  • Effect of Design and Operating Conditions in Rankine Cycle

  • The Reheat Cycle

  • The Regenerative Principle

  • Ideal Regenerative Cycle

  • Overall Efficiency of a Steam Power Plant

  • Supercritical Rankine Cycle

  • Combined Heat and Power (CHP) or Cogeneration

  • Vapour Refrigeration Cycles

  • Reversed Carnot Vapour Cycle

  • Limitations of Reversed Carnot Vapour Cycle

  • Vapour Compression Cycle

  • Vapour Absorption System

9. GAS CYCLES

  • Internal Combustion Engines

  • Important Parameters in Internal Combustion Engine Cycles

  • Air-Standard Cycles

  • Air-Standard Cycles for Reciprocating I.C. Engines

  • Supercharging

  • Air-Standard Cycles for Gas Turbine Engines/Plants

  • Combined Cycle

  • Aircraft and Jet Propulsion Engines

  • Gas Cycle Refrigeration

  • Cycles with Carnot Efficiency

10. AVAILABILITY AND IRREVERSIBILITY

  • Quality of Energy

  • Available and Unavailable Energy

  • Availability

  • Surroundings Work

  • Reversible Work and Irreversibility

  • Availability in a Closed System

  • Availability in a SSSF Process in an Open System

  • Second Law Efficiencies of Processes

  • Second Law Efficiency of Cycles

11. THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTY RELATIONS

  • Helmholtz and Gibbs Functions

  • Two Mathematical Conditions for Exact Differentials (Properties)

  • Maxwell Relations

  • Clapeyron Equation

  • Relations for Changes in Enthalpy, Internal Energy and Entropy

  • Specific Heat Relations

  • Generalized Relations/Charts for Residual Enthalpy and Entropy

  • Gibbs Function at Zero Pressure: A Mathematical Anomaly

  • Fugacity, Fugacity Coefficient and Residual Gibbs Function

  • The Joule-Thomson Coefficient and Inversion Curve

  • Thermodynamic Similarity

12. NON-REACTING MIXTURES OF GASES AND LIQUIDS

  • Measures of Composition in Multicomponent Systems

Part A: Gas Mixtures

  • Mixtures of Ideal Gases

  • Gas Vapour Mixtures

  • Application of First Law to Psychrometric Process

  • Real Gas Mixtures

Part B: Liquid Mixtures/Solutions

  • Ideal Solutions

  • Real Solutions

Part C: Thermodynamic Relations for Real Mixtures

  • Partial Properties

  • Relations for Fugacity

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Tags: Arora, Thermodynamics