Introduction to Ground Penetrating Radar Inverse Scattering and Data Processing 1st Edition by Raffaele Persico ISBN 978-1118305003 1118305003

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Product details: 

ISBN 10:1118305003

ISBN 13: 978-1118305003

Author:  Raffaele Persico

A real-world guide to practical applications of ground penetrating radar (GPR)

The nondestructive nature of ground penetrating radar makes it an important and popular method of subsurface imaging, but it is a highly specialized field, requiring a deep understanding of the underlying science for successful application. Introduction to Ground Penetrating Radar: Inverse Scattering and Data Processing provides experienced professionals with the background they need to ensure precise data collection and analysis.

Written to build upon the information presented in more general introductory volumes, the book discusses the fundamental mathematical, physical, and engineering principles upon which GPR is built. Real-world examples and field data provide readers an accurate view of day-to-day GPR use. Topics include:

2D scattering for dielectric and magnetic targets
3D scattering equations and migration algorithms
Host medium characterization and diffraction tomography
Time and frequency steps in GPR data sampling
The Born approximation and the singular value decomposition
The six appendices contain the mathematical proofs of all examples discussed throughout the book. Introduction to Ground Penetrating Radar: Inverse Scattering and Data Processing is a comprehensive resource that will prove invaluable in the field.

Table of contents: 

1. Introduction to GPR Prospecting

• What Is a GPR?

• GPR Systems and GPR Signals

• GPR Application Fields

• Measurement Configurations, Bands, and Polarizations

• GPR Data Processing

2. Characterization of the Host Medium

• The Characteristics of the Host Medium

• The Measure of the Propagation Velocity in a Masonry

• The Measure of the Propagation Velocity in a Homogeneous Soil

  • Interfacial Data in Common Offset Mode with a Null Offset: The Case of a Point-like Target

  • Interfacial Data in Common Offset Mode with a Null Offset: The Case of a Circular Target

  • Interfacial Data in Common Offset Mode with a Non-null Offset: The Case of a Point-like Target

  • Noninterfacial Data in Common Offset Mode with a Null Offset: The Case of a Point-like Target

  • Interfacial Data in Common Midpoint (CMP) Mode

• Lossy, Magnetic, and Dispersive Media

• Questions

3. GPR Data Sampling: Frequency and Time Steps

• Stepped Frequency GPR Systems: The Problem of the Aliasing and the Frequency Step

• Shape and Thickness of the GPR Pulses

• Stepped Frequency GPR Systems: The Problem of the Demodulation and the Frequency Step

• Aliasing and Time Step for Pulsed GPR Systems

• Questions

4. The 2D Scattering Equations for Dielectric Targets

• Preliminary Remarks

• Derivation of the Scattering Equations Without Considering the Effect of the Antennas

• Calculation of the Incident Field Radiated by a Filamentary Current

• The Plane Wave Spectrum of an Electromagnetic Source in a Homogeneous Space

• The Insertion of the Source Characteristics in the Scattering Equations

• The Far Field in a Homogeneous Lossless Space in Terms of Plane Wave Spectrum

• The Effective Length of an Electromagnetic Source in a Homogeneous Space

• The Insertion of the Receiver Characteristics in the Scattering Equations

• Questions

5. The 2D Scattering Equations for Magnetic Targets

• The Scattering Equations with Only Magnetic Anomalies

• The Contribution of the x-Component of the Fitzgerald Vector

• The Contribution of the z-Component of the Fitzgerald Vector

• The Joined Contribution of Both the x- and z-Components of the Fitzgerald Vector

• The Case with Both Dielectric and Magnetic Anomalies

• Questions

6. Ill-Posedness and Nonlinearity

• Electromagnetic Inverse Scattering

• Ill-Posedness

• Nonlinearity

• The Ill-Posedness of the Inverse Scattering Problem

• The Nonlinearity of the Inverse Scattering Problem

• Questions

7. Extraction of the Scattered Field Data From the GPR Data

• Zero Timing

• Muting of Interface Contributions

• The Differential Configuration

• The Background Removal

• Questions

8. The Born Approximation

• The Classical Born Approximation

• The Born Approximation in the Presence of Magnetic Targets

• Weak and Nonweak Scattering Objects

• Questions

9. Diffraction Tomography

• Introduction to Diffraction Tomography

• Diffraction Tomography for Dielectric Targets

• Diffraction Tomography for Dielectric Targets Seen Under a Limited View Angle

• The Effective Maximum and Minimum View Angle

• Horizontal Resolution

• Vertical Resolution

• Spatial Step

• Frequency Step

• Time Step

• The Effect of a Non-null Height of the Observation Line

• The Effect of the Radiation Characteristics of the Antennas

• DT Relationship in the Presence of Magnetic Targets

• DT Relationship for a Differential Configuration

• DT Relationship in the Presence of Background Removal

• Questions

10. Two-Dimensional Migration Algorithms

• Migration in the Frequency Domain

• Migration in the Time Domain

• Questions

11. Three-Dimensional Scattering Equations

• Scattering in Three Dimensions: Redefinition of the Main Symbols

• The Scattering Equations in 3D

• Three-Dimensional Green’s Functions

• The Incident Field

• Homogeneous 3D Green’s Functions

• The Plane Wave Spectrum of a 3D Homogeneous Green’s Function

• Half-Space Green’s Functions

• Questions

12. Three-Dimensional Diffraction Tomography

• Born Approximation and DT in 3D

• Ideal and Limited-View-Angle 3D Retrievable Spectral Sets

• Spatial Step and Transect

• Horizontal Resolution

• Vertical Resolution, Frequency and Time Steps

• Questions

13. Three-Dimensional Migration Algorithms

• 3D Migration Formulas in the Frequency Domain

• 3D Migration Formulas in the Time Domain

• 3D Versus 2D Migration Formulas in the Time Domain

• Questions

14. The Singular Value Decomposition

• The Method of Moments

• Reminders About Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors

• The Singular Value Decomposition

• The Study of the Inverse Scattering Relationship by Means of the SVD

• Questions

15. Numerical and Experimental Examples

• Examples with Regard to the Measure of the Propagation Velocity

  • Common Offset Interfacial Data with Null Offset on a Homogeneous Soil

  • Common Offset Interfacial Data on a Wall, Neglecting the Offset Between the Antennas

  • Interfacial Common Offset Data on a Homogeneous Soil: The Effect on the Offset Between the Antennas

  • Noninterfacial Common Offset Data with a Null Offset Between the Antennas

  • Common Midpoint Data

• Exercises on Spatial Step and Horizontal Resolution

• Exercises on Frequency Step and Vertical Resolution

• Exercises on the Number of Trial Unknowns

• Exercises on Spectral and Spatial Contents

• Exercises on the Effect of the Height of the Observation Line

• Exercises on the Effect of the Extent of the Investigation Domain

• Exercises on the Effects of the Background Removal

• 2D and 3D Migration Examples with a Single Set and Two Crossed Sets of B-Scans

• 2D and 3D Inversion Examples

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Tags: Raffaele Persico, Introduction to Ground, Penetrating Radar, Scattering and Data