Heuristics The Foundations of Adaptive Behavior 1st Edition by Gerd Gigerenzer, Ralph Hertwig, Thorsten Pachur ISBN 0199744289 978-0199744282

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Product details: 

ISBN 10: 0199744289

ISBN 13:  978-0199744282

Author:  Gerd Gigerenzer, Ralph Hertwig, Thorsten Pachur

How do people make decisions when time is limited, information unreliable, and the future uncertain? Based on the work of Nobel laureate Herbert Simon and with the help of colleagues around the world, the Adaptive Behavior and Cognition (ABC) Group at the Max Planck Institute for Human Development in Berlin has developed a research program on simple heuristics, also known as fast and frugal heuristics. In the social sciences, heuristics have been believed to be generally inferior to complex methods for inference, or even irrational. Although this may be true in “small worlds” where everything is known for certain, this text argues that in the actual world in which we live, full of uncertainties and surprises, heuristics are indispensable and often more accurate than complex methods. Contrary to a deeply entrenched belief, complex problems do not necessitate complex computations. Less can be more. Simple heuristics exploit the information structure of the environment, and thus embody ecological rather than logical rationality. Simon (1999) applauded this new program as a “revolution in cognitive science, striking a great blow for sanity in the approach to human rationality.”

By providing a fresh look at how the mind works as well as the nature of rationality, the simple heuristics program has stimulated a large body of research, led to fascinating applications in diverse fields from law to medicine to business to sports, and instigated controversial debates in psychology, philosophy, and economics. In a single volume, the present reader compiles key articles that have been published in journals across many disciplines. These articles present theory, real-world applications, and a sample of the large number of existing experimental studies that provide evidence for people’s adaptive use of heuristics.

Table of contents: 

1. Homo heuristicus: Why Biased Minds Make Better Inferences

Gerd Gigerenzer and Henry Brighton

Part I: Theory

Opening the adaptive toolbox

2. Reasoning the Fast and Frugal Way: Models of Bounded Rationality

Gerd Gigerenzer and Daniel G. Goldstein

3. Models of Ecological Rationality: The Recognition Heuristic

Daniel G. Goldstein and Gerd Gigerenzer

4. How Forgetting Aids Heuristic Inference

Lael J. Schooler and Ralph Hertwig

5. Simple Heuristics and Rules of Thumb: Where Psychologists and Behavioural Biologists Might Meet

John M.C. Hutchinson and Gerd Gigerenzer

6. Naive and Yet Enlightened: From Natural Frequencies to Fast and Frugal Decision Trees

Laura Martignon, Oliver Vitouch, Masanori Takezawa, and Malcolm R. Forster

7. The Priority Heuristic: Making Choices Without Trade-offs

Elad Butter, Gend Gigereseropher

8. One-Reason Decision-Making: Modeling Violations of Expected Utility Theory

KV. Kanikapoules and Gerd Giger

9. Moral Satisficing: Rethinking Moral Behavior as Bounded Rationality

Gerd Gigmar

10. Hindsight Bias: A By-Product of Knowledge Updating?

chhert and Gerd Gigerenam

How are heuristics selected?

11. SSL: A Theory of How People Learn to Select Strategies

Sing Rieskang sis Philipp F. Ora

Part II: Tests

When do heuristics work?

12. Fast, Frugal, and Fit: Simple Heuristics for Paired Comparison

Laura Martignon agr

13. Heuristic and Linear Models of judgment: Matching Rules and Environments

14. Categorization with Limited Resources: A Family of Simple Meuristics

Lars Martignon, KandoWake

15. A Signal Detection Analysis of the Recognition Heuristic

16. The Relative Success of Recognition-Based Inference in Multichoice Decisions

Rachel MoClay, C. Philip Baman, and Pháp T. Smith

When do people rely on one good reason?

17. The Quest for Take-the-Best: Insights and Outlooks from Experimental Research

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Tags: Gerd Gigerenzer, Ralph Hertwig, Thorsten Pachur, Heuristics The Foundations, Adaptive Behavior