Deadly Connections States that Sponsor Terrorism 1st Edition by Daniel Byman ISBN 0521839734 978-0521839730
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Product details:
ISBN 10: 0521839734
ISBN 13: 978-0521839730
Author: Daniel Byman
Daniel Byman’s hard-hitting and articulate book is the first to study countries that support terrorist groups. Focusing primarily on sponsors from the Middle East and South Asia, it examines the different types of support that states provide, their motivations, and the impact of such sponsorship. The book also considers regimes that allow terrorists to raise money and recruit without providing active support. The experiences of Iran, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Syria, Saudi Arabia and Libya are detailed here, alongside the histories of radical groups such as al-Qaida, Hizbullah and Hamas.
Deadly Connections States that Sponsor Terrorism 1st Table of contents:
1 Introduction
Key findings
Definitions and their limits
What is terrorism?
What is sponsorship?
A spectrum of support
Book structure and case selection
2 Why do states support terrorism?
Terrorism as one instrument of many
Support for insurgencies and support for terrorism
An overview of motivations
Coding and caveats
Motivations
Strategy
Weaken and destabilize a neighbor
Projecting power
Changing a regime
Shaping an opposition
Exporting a political system
International prestige
The interplay between ideology and strategy
Domestic politics
Aid kin
Military or operational aid
Sources of restraint
3 The nature and impact of state support
An overview of support
Types of support
Training and operations
Money, arms, and logistical aid
Diplomatic backing
Organizational assistance
Ideological direction
Sanctuary
Impact on state counterterrorism efforts
Knockout difficulties
Unimpeded logistics
Limits on intelligence gathering
Limits to a criminal justice approach
Legitimation
The drawbacks of state support
4 Iran and the Lebanese Hizballah
Iran and the Lebanese Hizballah
Hizballah’s grim track record
Type of support
The scope of Iranian Influence
Motivations
Motivation One: spreading the revolution
Prestige and internal dissent
Strategic rationales
The impact of Iranian sponsorship
Sources of conflict and change
Declining revolutionary ardor
The Lebanonization of Hizballah
Growing costs of supporting Hizballah
US efforts to compel an end to sponsorship
Failed Israeli attempts to Stop Hizballah
Limited tension with Syria’s and Iran’s neighbors
Final words
5 Syria and Palestinian radical groups
Syria’s relationship with Palestinian militants
The 1967 transformation
A troubled partnership
Shaping the peace with Israel
Few changes under Bashar
Types of support
Motivations
Strategic concerns
Domestic concerns
The limited role of ideology
The impact of Syrian support
Impact on Palestinian groups
Impact on Syria
Continued support in the face of pressure
Turkey, Syria, and the PKK
Conclusions
6 Pakistan and Kashmir
Background
A renewed crisis
Who are the militants?
Terrorism or guerrilla war?
An overview of Pakistan’s support for Kashmiri militants
Who supports the militants?
Limits to Pakistan’s support
Pakistani motivations
Strategic objectives
Domestic politics
The impact of Pakistani support
At what cost success?
Two steps forward, two steps back?
Conclusion
7 Afghanistan under the Taliban
The Taliban emerge
Pakistan and the Taliban
Enter Al-Qa’ida
The two movements converge
Scope of support
A two-way relationship
Little response to outside pressure
Over the brink
Al-Qa’ida without a state
8 Passive sponsors of terrorism
Definitions
Three instances of passive support
Saudi Arabia and Islamic radicalism
The Al Saud’s bargain
Saudi financial support for Islamic radicalism
Motivations
Strong domestic support for Jihadist causes
A limited threat?
Fear of retaliation
Incapacity
An end to passive support?
Greece and the revolutionary organization November 17
Explaining Greek inaction
Sources of change
The United States and the Provisional IRA
Why does passive support occur?
A lack of capacity
Why does passive support diminish?
The impact of passive support
9 The difficulties of stopping state sponsorship
Weathering the punishment
An imbalance of stakes
Few alternatives to terrorism
The dangers of ideological regimes
Too narrow a focus
A poor conceptualization of the problem
Why do states change?
10 Halting support for terrorism
What instruments are available to states?
Engagement
Political pressure
Economic pressure
The use of force
Backing radicals of one’s own
Explaining the Libyan success
Lessons for coercers
Understanding the adversary
A way out … conditionally
Setting priorities
Enemies versus terrorists
Changing the rules of the game
The effectiveness of multilateralism
Reducing passive support
Realistic expectations
Final words
Appendix: Major terrorist groups
Abu Nidal Organization (ANO)
DESCRIPTION
GOALS
MAIN ACTIVITIES
GROUP SIZE
STATE SPONSORSHIP
AREA OF OPERATIONS
KEY LEADERS
Al-Qa’ida
DESCRIPTION
GOALS
MAIN ACTIVITIES
GROUP SIZE
STATE SPONSORSHIP
AREA OF OPERATIONS
KEY LEADERS
HAMAS
DESCRIPTION
GOALS
MAIN ACTIVITIES
GROUP SIZE
STATE SPONSORSHIP
AREA OF OPERATIONS
KEY LEADERS
Harakat ul-Mujahidin (HUM)
DESCRIPTION
GOALS
MAIN ACTIVITIES
GROUP SIZE
STATE SPONSORSHIP
AREA OF OPERATIONS
KEY LEADERS
Hizb-ul-Mujahedin
DESCRIPTION
GOALS
MAIN ACTIVITIES
GROUP SIZE
STATE SPONSORSHIP
AREA OF OPERATIONS
KEY LEADERS
Jaish-e-Mohammed (JEM) (Army of Mohammed)
DESCRIPTION
GOALS
MAIN ACTIVITIES
GROUP SIZE
STATE SPONSORSHIP
AREA OF OPERATIONS
KEY LEADERS
Jammu and Kashmir Liberation Front (JKLF)
DESCRIPTION
GOALS
MAIN ACTIVITIES
GROUP SIZE
STATE SPONSORSHIP
AREA OF OPERATIONS
KEY LEADERS
Kurdistan Worker’s Party (PKK) (currently the Kongra-Gel (KGK))
DESCRIPTION
GOALS
MAIN ACTIVITIES
GROUP SIZE
STATE SPONSORSHIP
AREA OF OPERATIONS
KEY LEADERS
Lashkar-e-Tayyeba (LeT)
DESCRIPTION
GOALS
MAIN ACTIVITIES
GROUP SIZE
STATE SPONSORSHIP
AREA OF OPERATIONS
KEY LEADERS
Lebanese Hizballah
DESCRIPTION
GOALS
MAIN ACTIVITIES
GROUP SIZE
AREA OF OPERATIONS
KEY LEADERS
The Palestine Islamic Jihad (PIJ)
DESCRIPTION
GOALS
MAIN ACTIVITIES
GROUP SIZE
STATE SPONSORSHIP
AREA OF OPERATIONS
KEY LEADERS
Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) and al Fatah
DESCRIPTION
GOAL
MAIN ACTIVITIES
GROUP SIZE
STATE SPONSORSHIP
AREA OF OPERATIONS
KEY LEADER
Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP)
DESCRIPTION
GOALS
MAIN ACTIVITIES
GROUP SIZE
AREA OF OPERATIONS
STATE SPONSORS
KEY LEADERS
Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine – General Command (PFLP-GC)
DESCRIPTION
GOAL
MAIN ACTIVITIES
GROUP SIZE
STATE SPONSORSHIP
AREA OF OPERATIONS
KEY LEADER
Provisional Irish Republican Army (PIRA)
DESCRIPTION
GOAL
MAIN ACTIVITIES
GROUP SIZE
STATE SPONSORSHIP
AREA OF OPERATIONS
KEY LEADERS (SINN FE´ IN)
Revolutionary Organization 17 November (N17)
DESCRIPTION
GOALS
MAIN ACTIVITIES
GROUP SIZE
AREA OF OPERATIONS
KEY LEADER
Supreme Council for Islamic Revolution in Iraq (SCIRI)
DESCRIPTION
GOAL
MAIN ACTIVITIES
GROUP SIZE
STATE SPONSORSHIP
AREA OF OPERATIONS
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