Clad in Iron The American Civil War and the Challenge of British Naval Power 1st Edition by Howard Fuller 0313345902 9780313345906

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Product details:

ISBN 10: 0313345902 

ISBN 13: 9780313345906 

Author: Howard J. Fuller

This work addresses many persistent misconceptions of what the monitors were for, and why they failed in other roles associated with naval operations of the Civil War (such as the repulse at Charleston, April 7, 1863). Monitors were ‘ironclads’- not fort-killers. Their ultimate success is to be measured not in terms of spearheading attacks on fortified Southern ports but in the quieter, much more profound, strategic deterrence of Lord Palmerston’s ministry in London, and the British Royal Navy’s potential intervention.

The relatively unknown ‘Cold War’ of the American Civil War was a nevertheless crucial aspect of the survival, or not, of the United States in the mid 19th-century. Foreign intervention—explicitly in the form of British naval power—represented a far more serious threat to the success of the Union blockade, the safety of Yankee merchant shipping worldwide, and Union combined operations against the South than the Confederate States Navy. Whether or not the North or South would be ‘clad in iron’ thus depended on the ability of superior Union ironclads to deter the majority of mid-Victorian British leaders, otherwise tempted by their desire to see the American ‘experiment’ in democratic class-structures and popular government finally fail. Discussions of open European involvement in the Civil War were pointless as long as the coastline of the United States was virtually impregnable. Combining extensive archival research on both sides of the Atlantic, this work offers an in-depth look at how the Union Navy achieved its greatest grand-strategic victory in the American Civil War. Through a combination of high-tech ‘machines’ armed with ‘monster’ guns, intensive coastal fortifications and a new fleet of high-speed Union commerce raiders, the North was able to turn the humiliation of the Trent Affair of late 1861 into a sobering challenge to British naval power and imperial defense worldwide.

Table of contents:

1. Deterring Columbia: British Naval Supremacy
2. An Ironclad Race with France
3. Industry and Conversion Problems
4. Enter Captain Coles
5. The Specter of Modern Coastal Defense and Assault
6. Summary
7. Two Ironclad Adversaries: The Confederacy and Great Britain
8. Building the Monitor
9. Effect of the Trent Affair
10. Congress Debates the “20 Ironclad Gunboats”
11. Summary
12. The Fulcrum of Hampton Roads
13. Hampton Roads and Its Consequences
14. Super-Monitors, Super-Guns
15. Ericsson, the Navy, and Control of the Union Ironclad Program
16. Summary
17. British Reactions to Hampton Roads and the “Monitor Riddle”
18. Enter E. J. Reed, Naval Architect
19. Palmerston’s Policy
20. Summary
21. Deterring Britannia: The Trent Affair Reversed
22. Coles Loses Ground
23. The Practical Concerns against British Intervention
24. Summary
25. Summer of 1862: The TideTurns against the Union
26. The Passaic Crisis
27. Shifting Ironclad Confidence
28. Regaining the Strategic Initiative?
29. Culmination and Consequence: “The Fiery Focus”

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Tags: Howard Fuller, American, Civil, Challenge, British