(Ebook PDF) Biomechanics at Micro and Nanoscale Levels Volume III 1st Edition by Hiroshi Wada 9812708146 9789812708144 Full chapter

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ISBN 10:         9812708146
ISBN 13: 978-9812708144
Author:          Hiroshi Wada

Biomechanics at Micro and Nanoscale Levels Volume III 1st Table of contents:

I. CELL MECHANICS

The effect of streptomycin and gentamicin on outer hair cell motility

• B. Currall, X. Wang and D. Z.
  1. Introduction
  2. Materials and Methods
     • 2.1 Preparation of isolated OHCs
     • 2.2 Whole-cell voltage-clamp recording
     • 2.3 Somatic motility measurements
     • 2.4 Nonlinear capacitance measurements
  3. Results
     • 3.1 Extracellular application of streptomycin and gentamicin
     • 3.2 Intracellular application of streptomycin
  4. Discussion
  5. Acknowledgment
  6. References

Mechanotransduction in bone cell networks

• X. E. Guo, E. Takai, X. Jiang, Q. Xu, G. M. Whitesides, J.
  1. Introduction
  2. Materials and Methods
     • 2.1 Microcontact printing for the formation of controlled bone cell networks
     • 2.2 Optimization of geometric parameters for bone cell network formation
     • 2.3 Assessment of gap junction formation
     • 2.4 Single-cell nanoindentation using atomic force microscopy
  3. Results
     • 3.1 Assessment of cell patterning
     • 3.2 Calcium wave propagation in bone cell networks
  4. Discussion
  5. Conclusions
  6. Acknowledgments
  7. References

Intracellular measurements of strain transfer with texture correlation

• C. L. Gilchrist, F. Guilak
  1. Introduction
  2. Materials and Methods
     • 2.1 Primary cell isolation and culture
     • 2.2 Stretch experiments
     • 2.3 Displacement measurement and strain calculations
     • 2.4 Intracellular strain calculations following stretch
  3. Results
     • 3.1 Cell stretching experiments
  4. Discussion
  5. Acknowledgments
  6. References

II. CELL RESPONSE TO MECHANICAL STIMULATION

Identifying the mechanisms of flow-enhanced cell adhesion via dimensional analysis

• C. Zhu, V. I. Zarnitsyna
  1. Introduction
  2. Transport Governs Flow-enhanced Cell Tethering
     • 2.1 Conceptual scheme of tethering process
     • 2.2 Enhancing tethering by mean sliding velocity
     • 2.3 Enhancing tethering by Brownian motion
     • 2.4 Enhancing tethering by molecular diffusion
  3. Catch Bonds Govern Flow-enhanced Cell Rolling
     • 3.1 Conceptual scheme of rolling process
     • 3.2 Rolling velocity scales with tether force
     • 3.3 Off-rate curves and rolling velocity curves correlate and scale similarly
  4. Discussion and Conclusion
  5. Acknowledgments
  6. References

A sliding-rebinding mechanism for catch bonds

• J. Lou, C. Zhu, T. Yago, and R. P. McEver
  1. Introduction
  2. Structures of Selectins and Selectin-Ligand Complexes
  3. MD Simulations of Selectins and Selectin-Ligand Complexes
     • 3.1 Free dynamics simulations of selectin lectin-EGF domains
     • 3.2 SMD simulations of unbinding of selectin-ligand complexes
  4. Sliding-Rebinding Mechanism and Pseudoatom Representation
  5. Testing the Sliding-Rebinding Mechanism by Mutagenesis Studies
  6. Discussion and Conclusion
  7. Acknowledgments
  8. References

Role of external mechanical forces in cell signal transduction

• S. R. K. Vedula, C. T. Lim, T. S. Lim
  1. Introduction
     • 1.1 Mechanotransduction process
  2. Mechanosensing
     • 2.1 Mechanosensitive or stretch sensitive ion channels
     • 2.1.1 Models for the functioning of MS channels
     • 2.2 Integrins
     • 2.3 Intercellular adhesion molecules
     • 2.4 Cytoskeleton
     • 2.5 Other receptors (GPCR and RTK)
     • 2.6 Membrane fluidity
  3. Mechanotransduction
     • 3.1 Mechanosensitive (MS) ion channels
     • 3.1.1 Elevation of intracellular calcium levels
     • 3.1.2 Mechanosensitive (MS) ATP Release
     • 3.2 Integrins, Focal Complex (FC) & Focal Adhesion (FA)
     • 3.2.1 FAK pathway
     • 3.2.2 Fyn/Shc pathway
     • 3.2.3 Rho family GTPases
     • 3.2.4 Tyrosine phosphatases
  4. Mechanoresponse
  5. Conclusion
  6. References

III. TISSUE ENGINEERING

Evaluation of material property of tissue-engineered cartilage by magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy

• 1. Introduction
  2. Materials and Methods
     • 2.1 Isolation of chondrocytes and preparation of chondrocyte/agarose constructs
     • 2.2 1H-NMR spectroscopy
     • 2.3 FCD measurements by Gd-DTPA2- enhanced MRI
     • 2.4 Histological analysis
     • 2.5 Determination of total sulfated glycosaminoglycan contents
  3. Results
  4. Discussion
  5. Acknowledgments
  6. References

Scaffolding technology for cartilage and osteochondral tissue engineering

• G. Chen, N. Kawazoe, T. Takagi
  1. Introduction
  2. Hybrid Porous Scaffolds
  3. Biphasic Porous Scaffold
  4. Cartilage Tissue Engineering Using Hybrid Scaffolds
  5. Osteochondral Tissue Engineering Using Hybrid and Biphasic Scaffolds
  6. Conclusions
  7. Acknowledgments
  8. References

IV. COMPUTATIONAL BIOMECHANICS

MRI measurements and CFD analysis of hemodynamics in the aorta and the left ventricle

• M. Nakamura, S. M.
  1. Introduction
  2. Methods
     • 2.1 Measurement of the aortic geometry and flow using MRI
     • 2.2 Aorta models
     • 2.3 Left ventricle model
     • 2.4 Blood flow model
     • 2.5 Simulation condition and procedure
     • 2.6 Hemodynamics factors
  3. Results
     • 3.1 Importance of the inflow condition at the aorta
     • 3.1.1 Flow simulation with an integrated model of the left ventricular and the aorta
     • 3.1.2 Measurement of the flow dynamics just above the aortic annulus
     • 3.2 Hemodynamics in the aorta models with/without tapering and branches
  4. Discussion
     • 4.1 Significance of the inflow condition on the aortic hemodynamics
     • 4.2 Significance of the branches and tapering of the aorta
  5. Conclusions
  6. Acknowledgments
  7. References

A fluid-solid interactions study of the pulse wave velocity in uniform arteries

• T. Fukui, Y. Imai, K. Miyazaki
  1. Introduction
  2. Methods
     • 2.1 Numerical models
     • 2.2 Governing equations and computational code
     • 2.3 Boundary conditions
  3. Results
     • 3.1 Wave propagation
     • 3.2 Velocity waveforms
     • 3.3 Pulse wave velocity
     • 3.4 PWV comparison between computation and theoretical values
  4. Discussion
  5. Conclusions
  6. Acknowledgments
  7. References

Rule-based simulation of arterial wall thickening induced by low wall shear stress

• S. Wada, M. Nakamura
  1. Introduction
  2. Methods
     • 2.1 Initial geometry of the blood vessel
     • 2.2 Blood flow analysis
     • 2.3 Thickening of the vessel wall
     • 2.4 Procedure of computer simulation
  3. Results and Discussion
  4. Conclusions

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