Al Kashshāf Al Zamakhsharī s Mu tazilite Exegesis of the Qur an 1st Edition by Kifayat Ullah ISBN 978-3110532012 3110532018
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Product details:
ISBN 10: 3110532018
ISBN 13: 978-3110532012
Author: Kifayat Ullah
The book analyzes extensively al-Zamakhsharī’s tafsīr al Kashshāf within the framework of the Mu‘tazilites’ five principles: (usūl al-khamsa) of their theology. Andrew Lane in his book entitled “A Traditional Mu‘tazilite Qur’ān Commentary: The Kashshāf of Jār Allāh al-Zamakhsharī” states that al-Kashshāf is not a Mu‘tazilite tafsīr of the Qur’ān. This book has been written to prove that al-Zamakhsharī’s tafsīr is completely in accord with the Mu‘tazilites’ theology which is embodied in their five principles.
The book is divided into two parts. Part I comprises of al Zamakhsharī’s biography, al-Kashshāf, and his methodology of tafsīr. Part II covers comprehensive analysis of the five principles: unity of God; justice; the promise and the threat of divine reward and punishment; the intermediate position between belief and unbelief; and enjoining what is right and forbidding what is wrong.
The book concludes that al-Zamakhsharī’s al-Kashshāf is a Mu‘tazilite tafsīr completely adhering to the Mu‘tazilites’ theology.
Table of contents:
Chapter 1: Al-Zamakhsharī’s Biography
1. Early Life of al-Zamakhsharī
2. Education of al-Zamakhsharī
3. Al-Zamakhshari’s Teachers
4. Al-Zamakhshari’s Students
5. Travels of al-Zamakhshari
6. Al-Zamakhshari’s Visits to Mecca
7. Crises in the Lives of Muslim Scholars
8. Crisis of al-Ash’arī
9. Crisis of al-Ghazali
10. Crisis of Ibn ‘Aqil
11. Crisis of al-Zamakhshari
12. Conclusion
Chapter 2: Mu’tazilites
1. Origin of the Mu’tazilites
2. Wäşil b. ‘Ata
3. ‘Amr b. ‘Ubayd
4. Viewpoints regarding the Emergence of the Mu’tazilites
5. Abstinence from the Worldly Affairs
6. Neutrality in the Civil Wars
7. Withdrawal from the Community
8. Political Movement
9. Mu’tazilite Schools of Başra and Baghdad
10. Conclusion
Chapter 3: Qur’anic Exegesis
1. Tafsir, Ta’wil, Ma’ani, and Shark
2. Tafsir
3. Ta ‘wil
4. Ma’ani
5. Review
6. Similarities and Difference between tafsir,
ta ‘wil, ma ‘ani, and sharh
7. Qur’anic Exegesis in Early Islam
8. Traditional Muslims’ Views
9. Tafsir bi-al-Ma’thur and Tafsir bi-al-Ra’y
10. Western Scholars’ Views
11. The Development of the Qur’anic Exegesis 12. Paraphrastic and Narrative Exegesis
13. Legal Exegesis
14. Linguistic Exegesis 15. Philosophical Exegesis
16. Mystical Exegesis
17. Theological Exegesis
18. Shi’ite Exegesis
19. Zaydite Exegesis
20. Ismaili Exegesis
21. Kharijite Exegesis
22. Mu’tazilite Exegesis
23. Conclusion
Chapter 4: Al-Zamakhshari’s Methodology of Tafsir
1. Muhkamāt wa mutashābihāt
2. ‘Ilm al-ma’ani and ‘ilm al-bayan
3. Questions and Answers (as ‘ila wa-ajwiba)
4. Grammar
5. Tafsir al-Quran bi-al-Quran
6. Hadith
7. Variant Readings of the Qur’an (qira’at)
8. Conclusion
Chapter 5: The Five Principles (al-uşül al-khamsa)
1. First Principle: Unity of God (tawhid)
2. Createdness of the Qur’an
3. Anthropomorphism and Transcendence
4. Vision of God
5. God’s Seat (chair)
6. God’s Throne (‘arsh)
7. God’s Hand (yad Allah)
8. Coming of Lord (muji’ rabb)
9. Appearing of God (ityän Allah)
10. With (ma ‘iyyat)
11. Face (wajh)
12. Conclusion
Chapter 6: Second Principle: Justice (‘adl)
1. The Concept of Grace (lutf)
2. The Best (aşlaḥ)
3. Going Astray (idlal)
4. Sealing of the Hearts (khatm al-qulüb)
5. God does not Will any Evil but Good (anna Allah la yurid sharr bal yurid al-khayr)
6. Conclusion
Chapter 7: Third Principle: The Promise and the Threat (al-wa’d wa al-wa’id) and Fourth Principle: The Intermediate Position between Belief and Unbelief (al-manzila bayna al- manzilatayn)
1. The Concept of Belief (Iman)
2. The Promise and the Threat (al-wa’d wa al-wa ‘id)
3. The Intermediate Position between Belief and Unbelief (al-manzila bayna al- manzilatayn)
4. The Major and the Minor Sins (al-kaba ir wa-al-sagha ir)
5. The Concept of Constraint (iljä)
6. The Concept of Nullification and Atonement” (al-ihbät wa al-takfir)
7. Repentance (tawba)
8. Forgiveness (ghufrän)
9. Intercession (shafa’a)
10. Conclusion
Chapter 8: Fifth Principle: Enjoining what is Right and Forbidding what is Wrong (al-amr bi al-ma’ruf wa al-nahy ‘an al-munkar)
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