Introduction to Zeolite Science and Practice 1st Edition by Jiří Čejka, Herman van Bekkum, Avelino Corma, Ferdi Schüth ISBN 9780444889690 0444889698
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ISBN 10: 0444889698
ISBN 13: 9780444889690
Author: Jiří Čejka, Herman van Bekkum, Avelino Corma and Ferdi Schüth
Zeolites and related molecular sieves have quickly become important pathways to new opportunities in the fields of oil processing and petrochemical synthesis. The signs of intense activity in both industry and academia are evident: burgeoning papers and patent applications; increasing numbers of industrial zeolite-based processes and their rapid expansion into organic chemicals manufacturing; recent progress in zeolite accessibility range, matrix behaviour, lattice components and satellite structures; and the recognition that zeolites, which are stable and can be regenerated, may be incorporated into new, environmentally friendly processes.
This volume offers a thorough, up-to-date introduction to zeolites and such related materials as crystalline aluminium phosphates and clays. Its 16 chapters, each written by specialists, provide detailed treatments of zeolite theory (including a review of major developments), zeolite laboratory and research practice, and zeolite industry applications.
Students and individuals entering the field will find Introduction to Zeolite Science and Practice a thorough guidebook. Experienced researchers will appreciate its in-depth coverage of the zeolite spectrum, including the latest views on zeolite structure, characterization and applications.
Table of contents:
Chapter 1. The zeolite scene
L. Moscow
Introduction
What makes zeolites so special?
Zeolite applications
Zeolite market volume
Economic impact
Zeolite R&D
Zeolite networks
Conclusion
References
Chapter 2. Zeolites and molecular sieves. An historical perspective E.M. Flanigen
Early history
Industrial history
The 80’s
Review of molecular sieve and zeolite fundamentals
History of molecular sieve materials
History of synthesis
The future
History of international conferences and organizations
Historical epilogue
References
Chapter 3. Structural subunits in silicate and phosphate structures H. van Koningsveld
Introduction
Some basic concepts
Structural subunits (SSU)
Description of the structure types
Conclusions
References
Chapter 4. The preparation of molecular sieves
A. Synthesis of zeolites
J. C. Jansen
Introduction
Preparatory
Zeolite product versus the synthesis mixture
The low temperature reaction mixture
The temperature raise of the reaction mixture
The high temperature reaction process
Isolation of the zeolite product
Reaction parameters
All silica molecular sieves
Clathrasils
Examples of systematic research
Literature sources pertaining zeolite preparation aspects
References
B. Synthesis of AIPO-based molecular sieves
S.T. Wilson
Introduction
Historical background
AIPO-based molecular sieves
Synthesis
Other issues
Final comments
References
Chapter 5. Modified zeolites
R. Szostak
Introduction
Extraction of aluminum from zeolite frameworks
Cracking catalyst development: historically a question of stability
Methods for dealuminating zeolite Y
Effect of sodium content
Aluminum extraction: characterization of framework and
nonframework components
Spectroscopic techniques applied to understanding dealumination
Application of surface spectroscopic techniques
Does getting there by a different route get you the same place?
And then there is reality
Modification of high silica zeolite structures: Differences
from zeolite Y
Reactions of zeolites with fluoride
Enhancement in activity in ZSM-5 with steam
Hydrothermal enhancement of activity in metallosilicates
CVD methods applied to zeolites: SiCl4 treatment
Insertion of silicon into AlPO4 structures
CVD as a method of pore mouth restructuring
Internal pore modification
Coming full circle: putting aluminum back into the structure
Conclusion
References
Chapter 6. Clays from two to three dimensions R.A. Schoonheydt
Introduction
Smectites
Properties of smectites
Pillared clays
Conclusion
References
Chapter 7. Techniques of zeolite characterization J.H.C. van Hooff and J.W. Roelofsen
Introduction
Zeolite structure and structural defects
Pore structure of zeolites
Chemical composition of zeolites
Determination of the framework Si/Al ratio
Determination of zeolite acidity
Zeolite stability
Zeolite morphology and particle size
References
Chapter 8. Solid state NMR spectroscopy applied to zeolites G. Engelhardt
Introduction
Basic principles and methods of high-resolution
solid-state NMR
Multinuclear high-resolution solid-state NMR of zeolites
NMR of aluminophosphate molecular sieves
References
Chapter 9. Introduction to zeolite theory and modelling R.A. van Santen, D.P. de Bruyn, C.J.J. den Ouden and B. Smit
Introduction
Theory on zeolite lattice stability
Theory on adsorption and acidity
Computer modelling techniques
Computer simulation of adsorption and diffusion
Future perspectives
References
Chapter 10. Ion exchange in zeolites
R.P. Townsend
Introduction
A picture of the ion-exchange system
Equilibrium aspects of ion exchange in zeolites
The kinetics of ion exchange
Zeolites and detergency
Other recent developments and trends
References
Chapter 11. Diffusion in zeolite molecular sieves
M.F.M. Post
Introduction
Diffusion in porous zeolite media: general principles
Experimental measurement of diffusitivities in molecular sieves
Numerical values of diffusivities
Diffusion and catalysis
Conclusions
List of symbols
References
Chapter 12. Introduction to acid catalysis with zeolites in hydrocarbon reactions
P.A. Jacobs and J.A. Martens
Screening of zeolite catalysts at the laboratory scale Reaction mechanisms in zeolite catalyzed reactions Shape-selective catalysis in acid zeolites
References
Chapter 13. Preparation of zeolitic catalysts H.W. Kouwenhoven and B. de Kroes
Introduction
Catalyst preparation procedure
Fluidized catalytic cracking (FCC) catalysts
Preparation of Ti catalysts for hydroxylation of phenol
Zeolite supported noble metal catalysts
Conclusion
References
Chapter 14. Coke formation on zeolites
H.G. Karge
Introduction
Methods of coke investigation and results
Particular phenomena related to coke formation
Summary and concluding remarks
Note
References
Chapter 15. Hydrocarbon processing with zeolites
I.E. Maxwell and W.H.J. Stork
Introduction
Oil-conversion processes
Gas-conversion processes
Future developments
References
Chapter 16. Zeolites in organic syntheses W.F. Hölderich and H. van Bekkum
Introduction
General aspects
Non-catalytic use of zeolites in organic synthesis
Zeolite-catalyzed isomerizations
Electrophilic substitution of arenes
Oxidation reactions
Zeolite-catalyzed cyclizations
Nucleophilic substitution and addition
Zeolite-catalyzed two- and multi-step syntheses
Final remarks
References
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Tags: Jiří Čejka, Herman van Bekkum, Avelino Corma, Ferdi Schüth, Introduction to Zeolite, Science and Practice