The Language of Time A Reader 1st Edition by Inderjeet Mani, James Pustejovsky, Robert Gaizauskas ISBN 0199268533 9780199268535

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ISBN 10: 0199268533 
ISBN 13: 9780199268535
Author: Inderjeet Mani, James Pustejovsky, Robert Gaizauskas

This reader collects and introduces important work in linguistics, computer science, artificial intelligence, and computational linguistics on the use of linguistic devices in natural languages to situate events in time: whether they are past, present, or future; whether they are real or hypothetical; when an event might have occurred, and how long it could have lasted. In focussing on the treatment and retrieval of time-based information it seeks to lay the foundation for temporally-aware natural language computer processing systems, for example those that process documents on the worldwide web to answer questions or produce summaries. The development of such systems requires the application of technical knowledge from many different disciplines. The book is the first to bring these disciplines together, by means of classic and contemporary papers in four areas: tense, aspect, and event structure; temporal reasoning; the temporal structure of natural language discourse; and temporal annotation. Clear, self-contained editorial introductions to each area provide the necessary technical background for the non-specialist, explaining the underlying connections across disciplines. A wide range of students and professionals in academia and industry will value this book as an introduction and guide to a new and vital technology. The former include researchers, students, and teachers of natural language processing, linguistics, artificial intelligence, computational linguistics, computer science, information retrieval (including the growing speciality of question-answering), library sciences, human-computer interaction, and cognitive science. Those in industry include corporate managers and researchers, software product developers, and engineers in information-intensive companies, such as on-line database and web-service providers.

The Language of Time A Reader 1st Table of contents:

Part I: Tense, Aspect, and Event Structure
Introduction to Part I
1 Verbs and Times
2 The Syntax of Event Structure
3 The Algebra of Events
4 The Tenses of Verbs
5 Tense Logic and the Logic of Earlier and Later
6 Temporal Ontology and Temporal Reference
7 Deriving Verbal and Compositional Lexical Aspect for NLP Applications
8 A Computational Model of the Semantics of Tense and Aspect
Part II: Temporal Reasoning
Introduction to Part II
9 A Temporal Logic for Reasoning about Processes and Plans
10 A Logic-based Calculus of Events
11 Extending the Event Calculus with Temporal Granularity and Indeterminacy
12 Towards a General Theory of Action and Time
13 A Critical Examination of Allen’s Theory of Action and Time
14 Annotating and Reasoning about Time and Events
Part III: Temporal Structure of Discourse
Introduction to Part III
15 The Effects of Aspectual Class on the Temporal Structure of Discourse: Semantics or Pragmatics?
16 Temporal Interpretation, Discourse Relations, and Commonsense Entailment
17 News Stories as Narratives
18 Tense as Discourse Anaphor
19 Tense Interpretation in the Context of Narrative
20 An Empirical Approach to Temporal Reference Resolution
21 Tense Trees as the ‘Fine Structure’ of Discourse
22 Algorithms for Analysing the Temporal Structure of Discourse
Part IV: Temporal Annotation
Introduction to Part IV
23 A Multilingual Approach to Annotating and Extracting Temporal Information
24 The Annotation of Temporal Information in Natural Language Sentences
25 Assigning Time-Stamps to Event-Clauses
26 From Temporal Expressions to Temporal Information: Semantic Tagging of News Messages
27 The Specification Language TimeML
28 A Model for Processing Temporal References in Chinese
29 Using Semantic Inferences for Temporal Annotation Comparison

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Tags: Inderjeet Mani, James Pustejovsky, Robert Gaizauskas, Language, Reader