Solar Thermal and Biomass Energy 1st Edition by Lorenzini, Biserni, Flacco ISBN 978-1845641474 1845641477
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Product details:
ISBN 10: 1845641477
ISBN 13: 978-1845641474
Author: G. Lorenzini, C. Biserni, G. Flacco
The book is concerned with renewable energy sources. In particular, it reviews the state of the art in thermal solar techniques and biomasses. The first topic treated is solar radiation, followed by the possible utilizations of solar energy through thermal solar techniques. The last part of the book relates to biomasses, starting from the definition of this wide-ranging field and how it is successfully treated by obtaining energy from biomasses, and including all the environmental aspects. Very few books treat so diffusely the advances in thermal solar technologies, especially in biomasses, a topic where there is considerable confusion due to the very wide range of related technologies.
Table of contents:
Chapter 1
The solar radiation
1 The solar physics.
2 The solar constant
3 The extraterrestrial radiation.
4 The position of the Sun in the celestial vault.
5 The solar radiation on the Earth’s soil during clear sky days….
6 Instantaneous direct radiation received on a surface.
7 Instantaneous global radiation received on a surface.
8 Calculation of direct energy received on a surface.
9 The true solar time
10 The diagram of solar trajectories.
11 The monthly average solar radiation on inclined surfaces.
12 Daily radiation on an inclined surface
13 Hourly solar radiation on inclined surfaces.
14 The local radiation data retrieval.
15 Variation in the energy which can be intercepted by the position of the surfaces
Chapter 2
Solar energy utilization
1 Introduction..
2 Low-temperature solar thermal technology.
2.1 The advantages..
2.2 Low-temperature solar thermal system
2.2.1 The collector
2.2.2 Typologies of solar systems.
2.2.3 The solar circuit
2.2.4 The storage tank.
2.3 Passive solar heating systems.
2.3.1 Direct gain systems.
2.3.2 Indirect gain systems..
2.3.3 Solar greenhouse.
2.3.4 Isolated gain systems
3 Medium-temperature solar thermal technology.
4 High-temperature solar thermal technology.
4.1 Concentrating solar power technology: clean energy for power tenability.
4.2 Prospects of CSP technologies.
4.3 The Italian position and interest in CSP technologies.
4.4 CSP technology..
4.4.1 Linear parabolic collector systems..
4.4.2 Tower system with a central receiver..
4.4.3 Parabolic dish collector systems
4.4.4 The use of CSP technology for electricity production
4.4.5 The future: the direct production of solar hydrogen..
4.5 The ENEA technological proposal for solar electricity: the use of molten salts in parabolic collector systems.
4.5.1 The advantages of molten salts.
4.5.2 The solar collector used by ENEA..
4.5.3 The Archimedes Project…
4.6 Conclusions.
4.7 Solar technologies for electricity generation without light concentration……
4.7.1 Solar chimneys/towers
.4.7.2 Solar ponds
General bibliography and consulted websites – Part I….
PART II: BIOMASSES ENERGY
Chapter 3
Biomasses identities
1 Introduction..
2 Definition and classification
3 Origin and nature
3.1 The forest and agro-forest behaviour.
3.2 The agricultural compartment
3.2.1 Agricultural residuals..
3.2.2 Dedicated cultures..
3.3 The zoo technique compartment
3.4 Industrial activities
3.4.1 The wood industry.
3.4.2 The cellulose and paper industry.
3.4.3 The agro-alimentary industry.
3.5 Urban residuals
4 Commercial forms
4.1 Liquid state combustible biomasses.
4.1.1 Firewood.
4.1.2 Chips.
4.1.3 Densified forms: pellets.
4.1.4 Densified forms: the briquette..
4.1.5 Lignocellulose biomass fitness for the transformation into commercial forms
4.2 Fuel biomass in the liquid state.
4.2.1 Vegetable oils
4.2.2 Bio-diesel
4.2.3 Bio-ethanol..
4.3 Combustible biomasses in the gaseous state.
4.3.1 Bio-gas.
Chapter 4
Energy from biomasses
1 Biomass energy conversion
2 Biochemical conversion…
2.1 Anaerobic digestion..
2.1.1 Plant typologies applicable to liquid or effluent manures.
2.1.2 Co-digestion.
2.1.3 Bio-gas in solid rejections dumps
2.2 Aerobic digestion.
2.3 Alcohol fermentation…..
2.3.1 The sacchariferous section of the bio-ethanol production spinneret.
2.3.2 The starchy section of the bio-ethanol production spinneret…
2.3.3 The cellulosic section of the bio-ethanol production spinneret…..
2.4 Oil extraction and bio-diesel production.
2.4.1 Vegetable oil extraction
2.4.2 Vegetable oil regeneration
2.4.3 Transesterification.
3 Thermochemical conversion..
3.1 Direct combustion
3.2 Gasification
3.2.1 Fixed-bed gasificators..
3.2.2 Fluid-bed gasificators.
3.2.3 Producer gas applications..
3.3 Pyrolysis..
Chapter 5
Environmental aspects
1 Reduction of emissions into the atmosphere.
1.1 The carbon dioxide emissions balance.
1.2 Comparison between the polluting emissions of the main vegetable and fossil origin fuels.
1.2.1 Bio-ethanol.
1.2.2 Bio-diesel
1.2.3 Bio-gas.
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Tags: Lorenzini, Biserni, Flacco, Solar Thermal, Biomass Energy