(Ebook PDF) Gene regulation 5th Edition by David Latchman 0415365104 9780415365109 Full chapter

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Product details:

ISBN 10:         0415365104
ISBN 13: 978-0415365109
Author:           David Latchman

Gene regulation 5th Table of contents:

1. Tissue-specific Expression of Proteins and Messenger RNAs

• Summary
• 1.1 Introduction
• 1.2 Tissue-specific Expression of Proteins
  • Specific methods for studying the protein composition of tissues
  • General methods for studying the protein composition of tissues
• 1.3 Tissue-specific Expression of Messenger RNAs
  • Specific methods for studying the mRNAs expressed in different tissues
  • General methods for studying the mRNAs expressed in different tissues
• 1.4 Conclusions
• References

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2. The DNA of Different Cell Types is Similar in Both Amount and Type

• Summary
• 2.1 Introduction
• 2.2 DNA Loss
  • DNA loss as a mechanism of gene regulation
  • Chromosomal studies
  • Functional studies
  • Molecular studies
• 2.3 DNA Amplification
  • DNA amplification as a mechanism of gene regulation
  • Chromosomal studies
  • Molecular studies
• 2.4 DNA Rearrangement
• 2.5 Conclusions
• References

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3. Gene Expression

• Summary
• 3.1 Levels of Gene Regulation
• 3.2 Transcription
  • RNA polymerase I
  • RNA polymerase III
  • RNA polymerase II
  • Common features of transcription by the three RNA polymerases
• 3.3 Post-transcriptional Events
  • Capping
  • Polyadenylation
  • RNA splicing
  • Coupling of transcription and RNA processing within the nucleus
  • RNA transport
  • Translation
• 3.4 Conclusions
• References

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4. Regulation at Transcription

• Summary
• 4.1 Introduction
• 4.2 Evidence for Transcriptional Regulation
  • Evidence from studies of nuclear RNA
  • Evidence from pulse-labeling studies
  • Evidence from nuclear run-on assays
  • Evidence from polytene chromosomes
• 4.3 Regulation at Transcriptional Elongation
  • Initiation of transcription
  • Transcriptional elongation
• 4.4 Conclusions
• References

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5. Post-transcriptional Regulation

• Summary
• 5.1 Regulation After Transcription?
• 5.2 Regulation of RNA Splicing
  • RNA splicing
  • Alternative RNA splicing
  • Mechanism of alternative RNA splicing
  • Generality of alternative RNA splicing
• 5.3 RNA Editing
• 5.4 Regulation of RNA Transport
  • Transport from nucleus to cytoplasm
  • Transport within the cytoplasm
• 5.5 Regulation of RNA Stability
  • Cases of regulation by alterations in RNA stability
  • Mechanisms of stability regulation
  • Role of stability changes in regulation of gene expression
• 5.6 Regulation of Translation
  • Cases of translational control
  • Mechanism of translational control
  • Significance of translational control
• 5.7 Inhibition of Gene Expression by Small RNAs
• 5.8 Conclusions
• References

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6. Transcriptional Control – Chromatin Structure

• Summary
• 6.1 Introduction
• 6.2 Commitment to the Differentiated State and Its Stability
• 6.3 Chromatin Structure
• 6.4 Changes in Chromatin Structure in Active or Potentially Active Genes
  • Active DNA is organized in a nucleosomal structure
  • Sensitivity of active chromatin to DNAase I digestion
• 6.5 Alterations in DNA Methylation in Active or Potentially Active Genes
  • Nature of DNA methylation
  • Evidence that DNA methylation plays a role in regulating chromatin structure
  • Mechanism by which DNA methylation affects chromatin structure
• 6.6 Modification of Histones in the Chromatin of Active or Potentially Active Genes
  • Acetylation
  • Ubiquitination and sumoylation
  • Phosphorylation
  • Methylation
• 6.7 Changes in Chromatin Structure in the Regulatory Regions of Active or Potentially Active Genes
  • DNAase I hypersensitive sites
  • Chromatin remodeling by proteins capable of displacing nucleosomes or altering their structure
• 6.8 Other Situations in Which Chromatin Structure is Regulated
  • X-chromosome inactivation
  • Genomic imprinting
• 6.9 Conclusions
• References

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7. Transcriptional Control – DNA Sequence Elements

• Summary
• 7.1 Introduction
  • Relationship of gene regulation in prokaryotes and eukaryotes
  • Coordinately regulated genes are not linked in eukaryotes
  • The Britten and Davidson model for the coordinate regulation of unlinked genes
• 7.2 Short Sequence Elements Located Within or Adjacent to the Gene Promoter
  • Short regulatory elements
  • The 70[TSP]kDa heat-shock protein gene
  • Other response elements
  • DNA binding by short sequence elements
  • Mechanism of action of promoter regulatory elements
• 7.3 Enhancers
  • Regulatory sequences that act at a distance
  • Tissue-specific activity of enhancers
  • Mechanism of action of enhancers
• 7.4 Negatively Acting Sequence Elements
  • Silencers
  • Insulators
• 7.5 Locus Control Regions
  • The locus control region
  • Mechanism of action of LCRs
• 7.6 Regulation of Transcription by RNA Polymerases I and III
• 7.7 Conclusions
• References

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8. Transcriptional Control – Transcription Factors

• Summary
• 8.1 Introduction
• 8.2 DNA Binding by Transcription Factors
  • Introduction
  • The helix-turn-helix motif
  • The zinc finger motif
  • The leucine zipper, the helix-loop-helix motif, and the basic DNA binding domain
  • Other DNA binding domains
• 8.3 Regulation of Transcription
  • Introduction
  • Activation domains
  • How is transcription activated?
  • Repression of transcription
• 8.4 What Regulates the Regulators?
  • Introduction
  • Regulated synthesis of transcription factors
  • Regulated activity of transcription factors
• 8.5 Conclusions
• References

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9. Gene Regulation and Human Disease

• Summary
• 9.1 Gene Regulation and Human Disease
  • Transcriptional regulators
  • Chromatin remodeling factors
  • Post-transcriptional events
• 9.2 Proto-oncogenes
• 9.3 Elevated Expression of Oncogenes
• 9.4 Transcription Factors as Oncogenes
  • Fos, Jun, and AP1
  • v-erbA and the thyroid hormone receptor
  • Other transcription-factor-related oncogenes
• 9.5 Anti-oncogenes
  • Nature of anti-oncogenes
  • p53
  • The retinoblastoma protein
  • Other anti-oncogene transcription factors
• 9.6 Oncogenes/Anti-oncogenes: The Relationship of Cancer and Normal Cellular Function
• 9.7 Gene Regulation and Therapy of Human Diseases
• 9.8 Conclusions

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