Data collection and analysis 2nd Edition by Dr Roger Sapsford, Victor Jupp ISBN 978-0761943624 0761943625
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Product details:
ISBN 10: 0761943625
ISBN 13: 978-0761943624
Author: Dr Roger Sapsford, Victor Jupp
In simple and non-technical terms, the Second Edition of Data Collection and Analysis illustrates a wide range of techniques and approaches used in social research projects. Always accessible and engaging, this comprehensive text covers both quantitative and qualitative approaches to data collection and analysis in social research, considering both the structure and logic of research projects and the ethics and politics of research.
A wide range of examples illustrate the text and a set of exercises runs throughout the book to aid the reader in understanding and planning research projects.
Building on the strengths of the First Edition, this new and expanded version includes:
– The addition of chapter introductions, summaries and key terms to guide the reader through the text
– Three brand new chapters focusing on: research and information on the Net; discourse research; ethnographic and discursive qualitative analysis
– Up-to-date examples of research in action
– New material on questionnaire design, composite measurement and techniques of quantitative and qualitative interviewing
An invaluable guide for students from across the social sciences, this wide-ranging volume is also a key resource for practitioners in a variety of applied areas including nursing, social work, the criminal justice system, teaching and education.
Table of contents:
PART I
DESIGN ISSUES
1 Validating Evidence Roger Sapsford and Victor Jupp
Counting Cases: Measurement and Case Selection
Examples from UK Government Statistics
Three Kinds of Crime Survey
A Study of Mothers
Comparing Groups: the Logic of Design
Quasi-experimental Analysis: Road Traffic Fatalities
Experiments in HIV Counselling
Establishing Boundaries in Qualitative Studies
Conclusion
Key Terms
Further Introductory Reading
Summary Activity: Preparing Your Research Proposal
2 Survey Sampling
William Schofield
Sampling
Defining the Population to be Sampled
Sampling Units
The Sampling Frame
Selecting a Sample
Simple Random Sampling
Stratified Random Sampling
Cluster Sampling
Quota Sampling
Estimation of Population Parameters
Means, Variance and Standard Deviations
How Sample Means are Distributed
Error, Sample Size and Non-response
Sample Size
Non-response
Conclusion
Key Terms
Further Reading
Answers to Activities
Research Proposal Activity 2
PART II DATA COLLECTION
3 Observational Research
Peter Foster
Using Observation
Advantages and Limitations
Structure in Observation
Relationships and Roles
Negotiating Access
Developing Relationships
The Researcher’s Role
Managing Marginality
What to Observe
Focusing Research
Representative Sampling
Recording Observations
More-structured Observation
Less-structured Observation
Using Technology
Assessing the Validity of Observations
Threats to Validity
Ways of Assessing Validity
Conclusion
Key Terms
Further Reading
Research Proposal Activity 3
4 Asking Questions
Michael Wilson and Roger Sapsford
Comparison of Methods
Interview and Questionnaire Methods
Procedural/Structural Factors
Contextual Factors
Choosing Between Methods
Highly Structured Methods
Interview Schedules
Open-ended Questions in Standardized Interview
Schedules
Self-administered Questionnaires
Piloting
Asking More Complex Questions
Factual Questions
Retrospective Questions
Composite Measurement
Less Structured Methods
Observing and Interviewing
An Example of Less Structured Interviewing
Interviewer Control in Less Structured Interviews
Reactivity and Validity in Research Asking Questions
Conclusion
Key Terms
Further Reading
Research Proposal Activity 4
5 Research and Information on the Net
Roger Sapsford
Searching the Literature
Information on the Net
Sampling on the Net
Questionnaires on the Net
Qualitative Interviewing on the Net
Participating and Observing
Conclusion
Key Terms
Further Reading
Research Proposal Activity 5
6 Using Documents
Ruth Finnegan
Documentary Sources
Some Initial Distinctions
Primary Versus Secondary Sources
‘Direct’ and ‘Indirect Uses
How Documentary Sources Come into Being
Further Questions to Ask
Conclusion
Key Terms
Further Reading
Research Proposal Activity 6
Contents
PART III
DATA ANALYSIS
7 Preparing Numerical Data
Betty Swift
Establishing the Nature of the Problem
Prior Structure, Method of Recording and Sample Size
Prior Structure
Method of Recording
Sample Size
Getting the Data into Shape for Analysis
Getting the Pre-coding Right
Coding Open-ended Questions
Coding Data from Unstructured Interviews
Three Approaches to Coding
Correcting Errors
Data Manipulation During Analysis
Coping with Missing Values
Re-coding Variables
Conclusion
Key Terms
Further Reading
Answers to Activities
Appendix
Research Proposal Activity 7
8 Extracting and Presenting Statistics
Roger Sapsford
The Right Figure for the Job
Frequencies
Two-way Distributions
Introducing a Third Variable
Postscript: the Element of Chance
Key Terms
Further Reading
Answers to Activities
Research Proposal Activity 8
Appendix: Data-set
9 Statistical Techniques
Judith Calder and Roger Sapsford
Different kinds of Data
Approaches to Analysis
Looking at Variables
Two Types of Statistics
Descriptive Measures
Measures of Central Tendency
Measures of Spread
Measures of Location
Inferential Statistics
Types of Error
Chi-square
z and 1 tests
Analysis of Variance
Measuring Association
Correlation Coefficients
Simple Linear Regression
Multivariate Statistics
Analysis of Variance and Related Techniques
Regression Techniques
Further Multivariate Approaches
Key Terms
Further Reading
Answer to Activity 9.4
Research Proposal Activity 9
10 Analysis of Unstructured Data
David Boulton and Martyn Hammersley
Complementary Perspectives of Reader and Researcher
Types of Qualitative Data
The Process of Analysis
Data Preparation
Starting the Analysis
Reflexivity and the Assessment of Validity
Conclusion
Key Terms
Further Reading
Research Proposal Activity 10
11 Discourse Research
Roger Sapsford
Ideology and Discourse
Ideology
Discourse
Discursive Structures
Discourse Processes
Conclusion
Key Terms
Further Reading
Research Proposal Activity 11
12 Documents and Critical Research
Victor Jupp
Documents, Texts and Discourse
Types of Document
A Typology of Documents
Critical Social Research
Critical Analysis of Documents
Case Study 1: A Proposal for Critical Analysis
Case Study 2: Critical Analysis of a Public Document
Case Study 3: Critical Analysis of Decision-making
Case Study 4: Critical Analysis of a Research Report
Conclusion
Key Terms
Further Reading
Research Proposal Activity 12
PART IV CONCLUSION
13 Ethics, Politics and Research Pamela Abbott and Roger Sapsford
Ethics and Research
Politics and Research
Intelligence and the Politics of ‘Race’
Intelligence, Achievement and the Politics of Class
Politics, Ideology and ‘Research Style’
Overview of Issues
Conclusion
Further Reading
Research Proposal Activity 13
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