Grasshopper and Locusts of Pakistan 1st Edition by Riffat Sultana, Muhammad Saeed Wagan ISBN 9789694171807, 9694171806
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Product details:
ISBN 10: 9694171806
ISBN 13: 9789694171807
Author: Riffat Sultana, Muhammad Saeed Wagan
Grasshoppers and Locusts of Pakistan (1st Edition, 2015) by Riffat Sultana and Muhammad Saeed Wagan is a comprehensive reference on the taxonomy, morphology, biology, and ecology of grasshoppers and locusts found in Pakistan. It includes identification keys, species descriptions, illustrations, and habitat information, serving as a valuable resource for researchers, students, and pest management professionals.
Table of contents:
CHAPTER -1
GENERALIZED INTRODUCTION TO GRASSHOPPERS AND LOCUSTS
1.1 GRASSHOPPERS AND LOCUSTS
1.2 DEVELOPMENT AND LIFE CYCLE
1.3 ECOLOGY
1.4 GENERALIZED STRUCTURE OF GRASSHOPPERS AND LOCUST
1.5 THE REGIONS OF THE BODY.
1.6 DETAIL DESCRIPTION OF BODY REGION
1.6.1 Head Capsule
1.6.2 Simple and compound eyes
1.6.3 The antennae.
1.6.4 Mouth parts
1.6.5 Thorax
1.6.6 The Prothorax
1.6.7 The Pterothorax
1.6.8 Legs
1.6.9 The Coxa
1.6.10 The Trochanter.
1.6.11 The Femur
1.6.12 The Tibia
1.6.13 The Tarsus
1.6.14 The pretarsus
1.6.15 Wings..
1.6.16 Roof
1.6.17 Hind wings
1.7 ABDOMEN.
1.8 GENITALIA COMPONENTS.
2.6.6.3 Family Gryllidae
2.7. CAELIFERA COMPRISE ON EIGHT ACRIDOMORPHOID SUPER-FAMILIES
2.7.1 Key to the super-families of Caelifera occurring in Pakistan
2.7.2 Super-family: Acridoidea
2.7.2.1 Key to the families of Acridoidea occurring in Pakistan
Family: Pamphagidae
2.7.2.3 Family Acrididae
2.7.2.4 Key to the sub-families of Acrididae occurring in Pakistan
2.7.2.5 Acridines
2.7.2.6 Callaptamines.
2.7.2.7 Catantopinae.
2.7.2.8 Cyrtacanthacridinae.
2.7.2.9 Eyprepocnemidinae.
2.7.2.10 Gomphocerinae
2.7.2.11 Hemiacridines
2.7.2.12 Oedipodinae
2.7.2.13 Oxyinae
2.7.2.14 Spathosterinae
2.7.2.15 Teratodinae
2.7.2.16 Tropidopolinae
2.7.2.17 Family Dericorythidae
2.7.2.18 Key to the sub-families of Dericorythidae occurring in Pakistan
2.7.2.19 Dericorythidinae
2.7.2.20 Conophymatinae
2.8 SUPER-FAMILY: PYRGOMORPHOIDEA
2.8.1 Family: Pyrgomorphidae
2.9 SUPER-FAMILY: TETRIGOIDEA
2.9.1 FamilyTetrigidea ..
2.10 SUPER-FAMILY: EUMASTACOIDEA ..
2.10.1 Family: Eumastacidae
2.11 Super-family Tridactyloidea ..
2.11.1 Family Tridactylidea
2.11.2 Family Cylindrachetidae
2.12 Super-family Pneumoroidea
2.12.1 Family Pneumoridea
2.13 Super-family Tanaoceroidea
2.13.1 Family Tanoceridea
2.14 Super-family Trigonopterygoidea
2.14.1 Family Trigonopterygidea
CHAPTER -3
EGG LAYING AND HATCHING
3.1 EGG LAYING/ OVIPOSITION
3.2 ENSIFERA
3.2.1 Tettigoniidae
3.2.2 Schizodactylidae
3.3 CAELIFERA
3.3.1 Family Acrididae
3.3.1.1 Mechanism of oviposition in Acrididae
3.3.1.2 Behavior of insect before Oviposition
3.3.1.3 Digging behavior of insect
3.3.1.4 Oviposition behavior of insect
3.3.1.5 No. of oviposition
3.3.2 Oviposition behavior in different species of Acrididae
3.3.2.1 Acrididae: Oedipodinae
3.3.2.2 Acrididae: Hemiacridinae
3.3.2.3 Acrididae: Oxyinae
3.3.2.4 Grasshoppers: Gomphocerinae
3.4 FAMILY PYRGOMORPHIDAE
3.5 HATCHING.
3.5.1 What is Diapause?
3.5.2 Diapause phenomena in different species of grasshopper and locust
3.5.3 Hatching Mechanism in Ensifera
3.5.4 Hatching in Tettigoniidae
3.5.5 Hatching mechanism in Caelifera
3.6 MORPHOLOGY OF EGG-PODS AND EGGS
3.6.1 Egg-pods
3.6.2 Eggs
3.7 GENERALIZED ACCOUNT OF IMMATURE STAGES
3.7.1 he vermiform larva
3.7.2 First stage
3.7.3 Second stage
3.7.4 Third stage
3.7.5 Fourth stage
3.7. 6. Fifth stage
3.7.7 Sixth stage
ECYDISIS PROCESS IN GRASSHOPPERS AND LOCUSTS 3.8
3.9 OBSERVATION OF EGGS UNDER SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY (SEM)
CHAPTER -4
FEEDING AND FOOD PREFERENCE
4.1 FOOD AND FEEDING
4.2 STRUCTURAL ADAPTATION
4.2.1 Graminivorous or grass feeding type
4.2.2 Herbivorous subtype
4.2.3 Forbivorous or broad leaved feeding type
4.2.4 Dendrophagous type
4.2.5 Dendrophagous- Forbivorus sub-type
4.2.6 Omnivorous type:
4.3 FOOD SELECTION AND FEEDING BEHAVIOUR IN ENSIFERA AND CALIFERA
4.4 ENSIFERA
4.4.1 Tettigoniidae: Conocephalinae
4.4.2 Tettigoniidae: Hexacentrinae
4.4.3 Tettigoniidae: Mecopodinae
Tettigoniidae: Phaneropterinae
4.4.5 Tettigoniidae: Tettigoniinae
4.4.6 Grylloidea: Gryllidae
4.4.7 Grylloidea: Gryllotalpidae
4.4.8 Schizodactyloidea: Schizodactylidae
4.5 CALIFORNIA
4.5.1 Pyrgomorphoidea: Pyrogomorphidae
4.5.2 Acridoidea: Pamphagidae
4.5.3 Grasshoppers: Dericorythidae
4.5.4 Acridoidea: Acrididae
4.5.5 Locusts
4.5.5.1 Acrididae: Cyrtacanthacridinae
4.5.5.3 Acrididae: Calliptaminae
4.5.5.4 Acrididae: Eyprepocnemidinae
4.5.5.5 Acrididae: Hemiacridinae
4.5.5.6 Acrididae: Acridinae
4.5.5.7 Acrididae: Oedipodinae
4.5.5.8 Grasshoppers: Gomphocerinae
CHAPTER – 5
DEFENSE MECHANISM IN INSECTS
5.1 WHY ORTHOPTEROID INSECT NEEDS PROTECTION?
5.2 ADAPTATION STRATEGIES
5.2.1 Crypsis / Camouflage
5.2.1.2 Mimicking
5.2.1.3 Warning /aposematic coloration.
5.2.1.4 Mimicking in colored insect
5.2.1.5 Startle displays
5.2.1.6 Physical defenses
5.3 DEFENSE MECHANISM IN ENSIFERA AND CAELIFERA
5.3.1 Ensifera: Family Tettigoniidae
5.3.2 Ensifera: Family Schizodactylidae
5.3.3 Caelifera: Acrididae
5.3.4 Caelifera: Family Tetrigidae
CHAPTER -6
LIFE FORM AND LIFE ZONE
6.1 MAIN LIFE FORMS
6.2 THE FOLLOWING LIFE-FORMS OF GRASSHOPPERS AND LOCUST ARE RECOGNIZED
6.3 DESCRIPTION OF LIFE-FORM WITH THE REFERENCE OF VARIOUS SPECIES
6.3.1 Terricoles
6.3.2 Arboreal
6.3.3 Herbicoles
6.3.4 Graminicoles
6.3.5 Aquaticoles
6.4 MAIN LIFE FORMS AND ZOOGEOGRAPHICAL AFFINITIES OF ACRIDOIDEA FAUNA OF PAKISTAN
6.5 LIFE ZONES
6.5.1 Temperate.
6.5.2 Tundra.
6.5.3 Taiga
6.5.4 Mixed and deciduous forests
6.5.5 Wooded meadow- steppe and steppe
6.5.6 Grasslands and semi-desert
6.5.7 Desert
6.5.8 Hilly and Mountainous zone
6.5.9 Forests.
6.5.10 Tropical rain forest
6.6 ZOOGEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION OF THE PAKISTAN
6.7 PHYSICAL FEATURES OF VARIOUS REGIONS
6.7.1 Palaearctic region
6.7.2 Oriental region
6.7.3 Ethiopian region
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Tags: Riffat Sultana, Muhammad Saeed Wagan, Grasshopper and Locusts